“A big chair does not make a king” - Sudanese proverb
(Flag of Sudan (1970-Present))
Sudan is located in north Africa.
(Map of where Sudan is located)
Its capital is Khartoum. Its largest city is Omdurman. The official languages are English and Arabic. The country is 728,215 square miles. Sudan is 70% Asian and 30% African. 97% of Sudan practice Islam, 1.5% practice Christianity, and 1.5% practice traditional African religions. The total population is 40,235,000. The climate is extremely dry. Sudan is a dominant party federal presidential republic.
(Khartoum, capital of Sudan)
Sudanese cuisine consists of stews, bread, porridge and fish.
(Sudanese cuisine)
The major style of music is Aldlayib.
(Sudanese women performing Aldlayib music)
Sudan’s most popular sport is soccer.
(Sudan’s soccer team)
Sudan was 1st settled in the 8th millennium BC.
(Ancient Sudanese structures)
In 3300 BC the kingdom of Nubia was established. In 1700 BC the kingdom of Kush was formed.
(Ancient Kush structures)
King Kashta of Kush invaded Kemet and became the 25th dynasty pharaoh. Assyrians attacked the Kushites and drove back the boundaries of their kingdom. Kush was the 1st civilization to smelt iron. In 540 AD Christianity started to be taught in the region. In 1093 Islam came to the region and a muslim prince ruled over the region. In the 16th century the Funj Empire came to the area.
(A painting of a Funj empire soldier)
In 1820 Muhammad Ali of Egypt invaded Sudan. In the 1870’s Islamic law was imposed. In 1879 Tewfik Pasha became ruler of the region.
(Tewfik Pasha)
In 1882 the British colonized Sudan. In 1885 Muhammad Ahmad led an attack against the Turco-Egyptian government of the Sudan. In 1887 Sudan invaded Ethiopia. In 1889 Sudan tried to invade Egypt. In 1896 the British led military campaigns against Sudan. In 1924 the British colonized Sudan again.
(Flag of Sudan (1924-1956))
In 1925 the Sudan Defense Force was created. In 1936 Sudan signed the Anglo-Egyptian treaty. In 1942 Sudan helped the British invade Italian colonies in north Africa. On January 1st 1956 Sudan gained its independence.
(Flag of Sudan (1956-1970))
Ismail al-Azhari became prime minister. In 1969 a coup took place and Col. Gaafar Nimeiry became prime minister.
(Col. Gaafar Nimeiry)
In 1971 the Sudanese communist party started a coup but it was squashed. In 1972 a civil war started between the north and south of the country.
(Soldiers in the Sudanese civil war)
Also in 1972 started economic problems in the country. In 1976 there was another coup attempt. In 1983 the 2nd Sudanese civil war began.
(Soldiers in the 2nd Sudanese war)
In 1989 another coup was attempted and Omar al-Bashir became leader of the country. In 1993 Bashir declared himself the president of Sudan.
(Omar al-Bashir)
The U.S. declared Sudan a state sponsor of terrorism and started to bomb the country in 1998.
(Effects of the U.S. bombings)
In 2003 the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army and Justice and Equality Movement took up arms against the government. In 2005 the Sudan government signed the Nairobi Comprehensive Peace Agreement with the Sudan People's Liberation Movement with the objective of ending the 2nd Sudanese Civil War. Also in 2005 Chad declared war on Sudan.
(Soldiers in the Chad-Sudan war)
In 2007 the Chad-Sudan war ended. Also in 2007 severe floods hit the area. In 2011 the southern half of Sudan seceded from Sudan and became the new country of South Sudan.
(People celebrating the secession of South Sudan)
Today marks the 61st anniversary of Sudan’s independence and we would all like to say happy independence day Sudan.
Videos of Sudan Independence
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2hSCAmSWac “Independence Sudan (1956)”
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XbgXnQtD1AM “Sudan freedom 2017”
(P.S. sorry for the late post)
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